The most important feature of microorganisms is their small size, variety, rapid reproduction and strong environmental adaptability. Microorganisms are widely distributed in nature.

However, the place where the most microorganisms are concentrated is the soil, which provides various basic elements for the growth of microorganisms, and also has the advantages of good heat preservation performance and strong cushioning property. Therefore, soil is the base of microorganisms and is the most abundant of human beings. Strain resource library.

The most bacteria in the soil, accounting for 70-90% of the total amount of soil microorganisms. Different types of bacteria in the soil have different effects. Some can fix the nitrogen in the air, synthesize the protein in the cells; some can break down the straw of the crops, most of them are heterotrophic bacteria. In addition to bacteria, other microorganisms in the soil are more actinomycetes (the main producing bacteria of antibiotics) and fungi, while algae and protozoa are less.

Soil microbes are important factors in soil fertility. Microorganisms are a large-area system with a huge nutrient absorption surface, excretion surface of metabolic waste, and exchange surface of environmental information. Therefore, it absorbs more and transforms faster, providing high-speed growth and reproduction of microorganisms and synthesis of a large number of metabolites. Material basis.

The natural world is rich in materials and diverse in variety, providing abundant food for microorganisms. Microorganisms have diverse nutrient types and metabolic pathways, from inorganic nutrition to organic nutrition, which can make full use of natural resources; respiratory type diversity, which can live in aerobic environment, anoxic environment, and even anaerobic environment. Environmental diversity such as extreme heat, high salinity and extreme pH creates a wide variety of microorganisms and large quantities.

The soil contains a variety of organic and inorganic nutrients. It is a natural medium for microbial growth and development. The soil is extremely rich in microbial species. There are 2.5 billion bacteria, 700,000 actinomycetes, and 400,000 in 1g of cultivated soil. Fungi, 50,000 algae, 30,000 protozoa.
Most microorganisms multiply progeny by fission, and under suitable environmental conditions, they can be propagated for ten to twenty minutes. Most of the microorganisms are single cells, and the structure is simple. The whole cells are directly in contact with the environment, and are susceptible to environmental factors, causing changes in the DNA of the genetic material.

Microbial fertilizers are products that cause specific fertilizer effects on crops due to microbial life activities. They are screened from the soil and domesticated to improve the nutrition of crops.
It includes autonomous or symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria that fix molecular nitrogen in the air and convert it into plant-usable nitrogen; in the soil, phosphorus and potassium that cannot be utilized by mineral plants are converted into effective phosphorus and potassium microorganisms, namely phosphorus. Bacterial and potassium bacteria; and plant root ring-promoting bacteria that secrete a variety of stimulants and antibiotics for beneficial crop growth.

Microbial research has a wide range of applications in agriculture:
Environmental aspects: Microorganisms can repair soil, restore soil vigor, reduce heavy metal pollution, and not cause secondary pollution. Microorganisms can also purify water and remove toxic gases from the air.

Crop growth: Microorganisms can promote the absorption of nutrients by crops, promote the growth of crops, and improve the immunity of crops. These do not pollute the environment and agricultural products like chemicals and hormones.

Humic acid: Humic acid is a major advancement of organic fertilizer, and has many advantages over chemical fertilizers and farmyard manure.

Organic matter is not necessarily humic acid, but humic acid must be the best organic matter! Soil organic matter deficiency is the main factor inhibiting microbial activity. The application of carbon source power source humic acid as a supplement to soil organic matter, one is to the soil only It is suitable for the living environment of beneficial microorganisms.

Secondly, the microorganisms can secrete nutrients of various beneficial crops by decomposing the organic matter in the soil, and can promote the comprehensive utilization of soil organic and inorganic nutrients, thereby fundamentally reducing the amount of fertilizer and reaching humic acid. The role of weight loss and synergy. Humic acid is the original material of the soil.

The application of humic acid can activate the microbial activity of the soil, and further repair the soil to achieve the purpose of healthy growth of the crop!

1.Humic acid combined with chemical fertilizer and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer can reduce the conventional dosage of chemical fertilizer and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer by 10%~20%.

2.The source of humic acid encountered calcium and magnesium ions in the water will rarely produce flocculent precipitation, in order to prevent blockage of drip irrigation holes, in drip irrigation humic acid fertilizer, we should minimize the drip irrigation time, to achieve a small number of times, while ensuring adequate dilution.

3, humic acid is black or dark brown, if the concentration is too high or the degree of atomization is poor when spraying, the water will often leave black spots on the fruit surface and leaf surface after evaporation. If this is the case during picking, rinse with water.

4.Humic acid combined with chemical fertilizer and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer can reduce the conventional dosage of chemical fertilizer and inorganic water-soluble fertilizer by 10%~20%.

5. the source of humic acid encountered calcium and magnesium ions in the water will rarely produce flocculent precipitation, in order to prevent blockage of drip irrigation holes, in drip irrigation humic acid fertilizer, we should minimize the drip irrigation time, to achieve a small number of times, while ensuring adequate dilution.

6. humic acid is black or dark brown, if the concentration is too high or the degree of atomization is poor when spraying, the water will often leave black spots on the fruit surface and leaf surface after evaporation. If this is the case during picking, rinse with water.

According to the Ministry of Agriculture’s “Standards for Hydrolyzed Fertilizers Containing Humic Acid”, the humic acid raw material must be a mineral source humic acid.

Humic Acid (HA) is a plant and animal remains, mainly plant remains, through the decomposition and transformation of microorganisms, and a series of complex geochemical reactions and accumulated organic substances. It is a high molecular organic acid composed of aromatic and its various functional groups, and has good physiological activity and functions of absorption, complexation and exchange. The main elemental composition of humic acid is carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and is a polycondensate of a polyvalent phenolic aromatic compound and a nitrogen compound.

The fulvic acid is extracted from natural humus and is a group of substances which are soluble in alkali, acid and water and have a small molecular weight and a dilute solution which is yellow or brownish yellow. It is a reddish brown powdery substance that is soluble in water. Fulvic acid is the best core component of soil humus. It is a small molecular weight, fully water-soluble organic aromatic substance which is decomposed and decomposed by organic matter. It is the best humic acid component in soil and the core material for the formation of soil aggregate structure. .

Humic acid is used in agriculture as a nutrient soil additive, rooting and strong root fertilizer additive, soil conditioner, plant growth regulator, foliar fertilizer compound, cold resistance agent, drought resistance agent, compound fertilizer synergist, etc., with nitrogen, The humic acid fertilizer made by combining elements such as phosphorus and potassium has the functions of increasing fertilizer efficiency, improving soil, stimulating crop growth, and improving the quality of agricultural products. Magnesium humate, zinc humate and humic acid urea iron have good effects in supplementing soil magnesium deficiency, corn zinc deficiency and fruit tree iron deficiency; humic acid, herbicide ether, atrazine and other pesticides can be mixed to improve the efficacy. Inhibition of residual toxicity; sodium humate is effective in treating apple tree rot.

Fulvic acid is a broad-spectrum plant growth regulator that promotes plant growth and plays an important role in combating drought. It can improve plant resilience, increase yield and improve quality. The main application objects are wheat, corn, sweet potato, millet, rice, cotton, peanut, rape, tobacco, sericulture, melon and fruit, and vegetables.

Humic acid is the most vital element of organic matter in the soil and is the “brain gold” of the soil. Humic acid has a range of properties, such as CEC, oxygen content, and the ability to retain moisture. The most important thing is that humic acid can be combined with metal cations, oxygen, and hydrates to slowly accumulate and release them for use in crops.

The fulvic acid contains a large number of functional groups, which act on the soil particles to form agglomerates of different sizes and stable structure. After the soil is applied with fulvic acid, its surface activity can adsorb and exchange the applied fertilizer, and also transform the solidified part of the soil into a crop that can not be absorbed by the crop and can be absorbed and utilized, thereby improving nutrient utilization. . In the soil where fulvic acid forms agglomerate structure, the activity of microorganisms is strong, the biological activity is high, the nutrient supply is sufficient, and the preservation and supply of soil nutrients can be well coordinated, thereby improving soil fertility.

The “five major effects” of humic acid in agriculture (improving soil, enhancing fertilizer, stimulating growth, enhancing stress resistance and improving quality) have been guiding the application and progress of humic acid in agriculture.

Fulvic acid is a humic acid product with a wide range of uses and high economic benefits. It still has a large market and competitive advantage in plant growth agents, anti-reverse agents, fluid fertilizers, pharmaceutical preparations and cosmetics. The “four-drug function” of fulvic acid in agriculture (drought-resistant agents, growth regulators, pesticide slow-release synergists and chemical element complexing agents) is a classic, and it is unique as a drought-resistant agent.

Nowadays, most of the fertilizers on the market will be mentioned in the sales promotion. Our products contain humic acid, how good the humic acid is, as a selling point and increase the price! This situation is common in both compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer! But farmers’ friends don’t know that humic acid is a trick! What is the specific role!

So what is humic acid? What is the use of humic acid?

Humic acid is a mixture of natural organic macromolecular compounds. Widely existed in nature, the proportion of humic acid in soil is the largest. The concept of humic acid in the broad sense is: animal and plant remains, mainly plant remains, which are caused by the decomposition and transformation of microorganisms and a series of geochemical processes. a class of organic matter. This is the basic definition of humic acid.

The above organic matter in soil organic matter is generally humic acid. In humus, humic acid is the main body and its salt combined with metal ions. Humic acid is the most active and effective part of organic matter.
The most direct effect of humic acid:
For soil: improve soil structure and adjust soil pH to increase soil buffer capacity.
Biological effects: stimulate crop growth and development. The use of humic acid can enhance the activity of various enzymes in crops, improve the ability of crops to absorb water and nutrients, enhance crop metabolic capacity, accelerate growth and development, early maturity and improve quality.
In addition, from the perspective of agricultural application, humic acid also has strong drought resistance, disease resistance, low temperature resistance and salt resistance.

In the past five years, the National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center has carried out demonstration experiments on humic acid fertilizers throughout the country, and the authority has verified the use of humic acid fertilizers in agriculture.

1.“Five major functions”: improving soil, enhancing fertilizer, stimulating growth, enhancing resistance and improving quality.

2. “four doses of function”: drought resistance, growth regulators, pesticide slow release synergists and chemical element complexing agents.

3. “three effects”: low carbonization, ecological, quality.
4. “two high three less”: high fertilizer utilization, high crop yield, less fertilization, less fertilization, less harmful gas emissions.
5. “three doses”: fertilizer synergists, soil conditioners, rhizosphere stimulating growth agents.

Finally, we need to emphasize the relationship between soil organic matter and humic acid: organic matter is not necessarily humic acid, but humic acid must be the best organic matter. The combination of humic acid and chemical fertilizer has natural superior conditions, which can not only raise soil, but also cultivate fertilizer, and is good with crops and environment. In this sense, it is of positive and practical significance to make safe organic matter, especially industrially extracted humic acid organic matter, to optimize fertilizer, improve soil fertility, and ensure safe production of agricultural products.
It can be seen that humic acid has a good contribution to both soil and crops, so the effect of humic acid in fertilizers will be outstanding.

For many years of planting experience, it is necessary to use chemical fertilizers. Most of them use chemical fertilizers or livestock feces at home. However, people around them are increasingly talking about humic acid. What is humic acid? What are the benefits?

what is humic acid

 
Humic acid refers to natural macromolecular organic matter formed by microbial decomposition and transformation and geochemical processes of organic matter such as animal and plant residues. It is extracted from peat, lignite and weathered coal and is an excellent organic matter. It comes from the soil and at the same time benefits the soil. It is worth noting that the organic matter is not necessarily humic acid, but humic acid must be the best organic matter.

The role of humic acid

Humic acid can promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, regulate soil pH, regulate soil water, fertilizer, gas and heat, increase soil exchange capacity, achieve acid-base balance, improve soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and promote soil microbial activities. The number of aerobic bacteria, actinomycetes, and cellulolytic bacteria increases, accelerates the decomposition and conversion of organic matter, activates the soil, and releases large and medium-sized micronutrients adsorbed by colloids, which is beneficial to the roots of crops.

Humic Acid Structure and function

Humic acid contains a carboxyl group, a phenolic hydroxyl group and the like, and has strong ion exchange and adsorption ability. It can reduce the loss of ammonium nitrogen and increase the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer. According to statistics, the nitrogen released by urea and carbonamine can be more than 60 days after complexing with humic acid, which can increase the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer by more than 10%.

Inhibits urinary enzyme activity and reduces urea volatilization. Humic acid increases the distance of phosphorus in the soil, inhibits the fixation of water-soluble phosphorus in the soil, and promotes the absorption of phosphorus by roots.

According to statistics, the fertilizer efficiency of phosphate fertilizer can be increased by 5%-10% after the application of humic acid; humic acid The functional group can absorb and store potassium ions, so that the potassium fertilizer can be slowly decomposed, increase the release amount of potassium, increase the content of available potassium, and increase the utilization rate of potassium fertilizer by about 5%.

Humic acid and poorly soluble trace elements can chelate and form humic acid trace element chelate which is well absorbed by crops, which is beneficial to the absorption of trace elements by roots and leaves.
Humic acid contains a variety of active functional genes, which can enhance the activity of catalase and polyphenol oxidase in crops, stimulate physiological metabolism and promote growth and development. For example, humic acid can promote the early germination of seeds, and the emergence rate is high, especially at low temperatures; it can stimulate the division and growth of root meristem cells, so that the seedlings are rooted faster, rooting is more, roots are increased, and roots are elongated. The crops absorb water and have enhanced nutrient capacity.

Therefore, the nutrient supply is sufficient, the crop stems are fast and robust, the foliage is flourishing, the photosynthesis is enhanced, the nutrient is accelerated to the fruiting body, and the fruit is prematurely colored and matured.

Humic acid can reduce the stomata opening strength of plant leaves, reduce leaf transpiration, reduce water consumption, improve the water status of plants, ensure the normal growth and development of crops under drought conditions, and enhance drought resistance.

Humic acid is mostly amphoteric colloid, which has large surface activity and inhibits fungi. It can enhance cold resistance of crops, easily adsorb by cell membrane, change cell membrane permeability, promote absorption of inorganic nutrients, prevent rot disease, root rot, and reduce pests and diseases.

Humic acid can form a chelate with medium and trace elements, increase the amount of trace elements from the roots to the leaves or other parts, regulate the ratio and balance of a large number of elements and medium and trace elements; increase the activity of enzymes, strengthen sugar, starch, The synthesis and operation of protein, fat and various vitamins accelerate the metabolism of various primary products from stems and leaves to fruits and seeds, and promote fruit enlargement and fullness of seeds.

Understand the humic acid, let’s take a look at the fertilizer that has been used for many years.

Chemical fertilizers, as the name suggests, are chemical fertilizers.

In the narrow sense, chemical fertilizers are chemically produced fertilizers. In a broad sense, chemical fertilizers refer to all inorganic fertilizers and slow-acting fertilizers produced industrially. Some people only call nitrogen fertilizers chemical fertilizers. Incomplete fertilizers are the general term for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and compound fertilizers.

Fertilizer characteristics

The characteristics of chemical fertilizers are that they are convenient to use, high in content, fast in fertilizer efficiency, easy to volatilize, fixed, and cause nutrient loss.

Shortcomings of fertilizer

  1. The chemical fertilizer does not contain organic matter and humus. Therefore, a large amount of chemical fertilizer is used. Due to the lack of organic matter and humus, the soil aggregate structure is destroyed, causing soil compaction.
  2. The utilization rate of chemical fertilizer is low. Because nitrogen fertilizer is volatile and lost, the utilization rate is only 30%-50%, and the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer is only 10%-25%. Because phosphate chemical activity is active, most of phosphorus and soil are applied after soil application. The cations such as Zn2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Fe3+, and Al3+ combine to form a poorly soluble phosphate fertilizer. The utilization rate of potassium is only about 50%.
  3. Long-term single use of chemical fertilizers, the organic matter in the soil is not replenished in time, which will cause the soil fertility decline caused by humus consumption, which shows that the crop immunity is reduced, the infection is easy, and the yield is greatly reduced.
     
  4. The use of chemical fertilizers greatly reduces the quality of vegetables and fruits. Because crops need not only NPK, but also many trace elements such as calcium, iron, zinc and selenium, and the general composition of chemical fertilizers is relatively simple, so long-term use of chemical fertilizer will inevitably lead to a single nutrient in the soil, which will easily make the crop malnutrition, thus Leading to the internal transformation and synthesis of crops, it will inevitably lead to the decline of crop quality, the melon is not sweet, and the vegetables are not fragrant.
     
  5. The extensive use of chemical fertilizers, the lack of organic matter will inhibit the microbial growth of soil, leading to a decline in the ability of soil to adjust automatically. It will inevitably lead to the death of a large number of beneficial bacteria and earthworms in the soil.
     
  6. Long-term inefficient application of chemical fertilizers, resulting in excessive accumulation of certain elements in the soil and changes in soil physical and chemical properties and environmental pollution.
  7. Long-term application of chemical fertilizers requires a large amount of chemical pesticides to maintain crop growth due to the reduction of plant immunity, which is likely to cause an increase in harmful substances in food.
     
     
    Scientific research has shown that soil fertility depends to a large extent on the amount of humic acid in the soil. A range of properties of humic acid, such as cation exchange capacity, oxygen content, and ability to retain moisture, are the main reasons why humic acid increases soil fertility and promotes plant growth. Therefore, in agricultural production, humic acid fertilizer is an indispensable helper for crop yield increase.

Feed mold changes play a very important role in “nameless hyperthermia”. Long-term intake of mycotoxins in pigs can reduce the body’s immune function and resistance, and it is more likely to occur. Therefore, in the high incidence of the disease, the mycotoxin treatment agent should be added to the pig feed. The general mycotoxin adsorbent can only adsorb aflatoxin. It is best to use both the degradation of mycotoxins and the adsorption of mycotoxins and the promotion of pig herds. A new type of mycotoxin treatment, fulvic acid, which prevents the mycotoxin in the feed from harming the health of the herd, adds 1 to 2 kg per ton of feed.

It has been proved by practice at home and abroad that sodium humate is not only a good bio-growth hormone, but also a widely used drug. The composition of humic acid has not been fully understood. It is known that humic acid molecules contain benzene rings, fused rings and some heterocyclic rings (such as pyrrole, furan, anthracene, etc.), and each aromatic ring has a bridge bond. There are various functional groups on the ring, mainly carboxyl groups, phenolic hydroxyl groups, methoxy groups, mercapto groups and the like. Because humic acid has such a complex molecular structure, it is possible to exhibit a variety of chemical properties in the material. For example, because humic acid itself has a large molecular weight, it can also form larger particles in a certain medium, so it has colloidal properties and adsorption capacity; humic acid has many carboxyl groups and phenolic hydroxyl groups, so it has weak acidity and strong Ion exchange capacity, chelating ability and buffer capacity: phenolic and ruthenium structures on humic acid molecules, which may be involved in the bio-oxidation system of bio-redox. These physicochemical properties may also affect the function of biological macromolecules, resulting in physiological and pharmacological activities. This article reviews the research progress of biochemical fulvic acid veterinary pharmacy for reference.

I. Promotion: activation and absorption of feed ingredients
Due to the colloidal properties and adsorption capacity of the chemical molecules of sodium humate, good ion exchange and catalysis are formed, which are manifested in seven aspects in the activation and absorption of feed ingredients:

  1. The various complex molecular nutrients in the feed are fully decomposed and a good organic combination is made, the gastrointestinal digestive function is increased, and the assimilation of the protein is promoted.
  2. Improve the permeability of animal cell membranes and protoplasts, increase the interstitial water volume and cell water content of muscle cells, and cause tenderness of pig skin.
  3. The adsorption of sodium humate makes the feed nutrient slowly pass through the intestine, which enhances the absorption and digestion time and improves the absorption rate of nutrients.
  4. The sodium humate molecule is rich in nitrogen and has a strong absorption effect on the amino group. It makes the non-protein amide in the feed fully utilized, and the feed protein is converted to muscle protein at a higher limit. Meat growth potential, increase the proportion of lean meat.
  5. The sulfhydryl group contained in sodium humate participates in the redox process of the body, so that the metabolism is vigorous, promote cell proliferation and accelerate growth.
  6. Sodium humate has astringent effect because sodium humate causes coagulation of red blood cells. According to the test, the humic acid red blood cell agglutination index is 5 times higher than that of tannic acid. When sodium humate enters the human body, it can strengthen the activity of various enzymes in the stomach and promote redox and metabolism.